Medieval almanaque, Wellcome Library, Londres, Ms. 8932.

Accounting offers data to assess the fulfillment of the proposed objectives. But this search for objectives was reflected in various ways throughout history.

An exceptional example of this would be the medieval astronomical tables. Through them the sages tried to know the responsibility of the stars in the life of the individuals from the calculation, the measurement, the opposition. This is a particular search for results.

In contrast to them, the merchants gradually intensified the practice of written registration of their businesses. Its objective was to evaluate the decisions made and refine third party responsibilities. To this end, no type of resource was neglected: from technical innovations to the dissemination of new ideas based on intellectual treatises.